Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test 2025 – All-in-One Resource for Exam Success!

Chronic renal failure, also known as chronic kidney disease (CKD), can be caused by a variety of long-standing medical conditions. Among the options given, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and systemic lupus erythematosus are known to create significant damage to the kidneys over time, leading to chronic renal failure.

Diabetes mellitus can result in diabetic nephropathy, where high blood sugar levels damage the filtering units of the kidneys. Similarly, hypertension contributes to renal damage through the constant high pressure on blood vessels in the kidneys, which can lead to a decline in kidney function. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can also affect the kidneys, often resulting in lupus nephritis, which is a serious condition that involves inflammation and damage to kidney tissues.

Acute dehydration, while it can lead to temporary kidney injury or acute kidney injury, is not typically recognized as a direct cause of chronic renal failure. Unlike the progressive, long-term effects of the other conditions listed, acute dehydration is generally a transient state that can be resolved with appropriate fluid management. Therefore, it does not share the characteristic of leading to sustained kidney damage necessary for chronic renal failure.