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What level of kidney damage is expected in stage 3 CKD with a GFR of 30-59 ml/min per 1.73 m²?

Severe

Moderate

In stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD), a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30-59 ml/min per 1.73 m² indicates moderate kidney damage. This stage is characterized by a significant decline in kidney function compared to earlier stages. While kidney function is impaired, individuals in this stage may not yet exhibit severe symptoms or complications, but they are at an increased risk for progression to more advanced stages of CKD.

Moderate kidney damage can manifest as some changes in laboratory values, such as elevated creatinine and urea levels, and patients might begin experiencing mild symptoms, such as fatigue or swelling. Close monitoring and management of coexisting conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, are crucial at this stage to prevent further progression.

Severe damage, which indicates a more critical decline in function, would be classified under stage 4 CKD, while end-stage renal disease (stage 5) involves a GFR of less than 15 ml/min, requiring dialysis or transplantation. Mild damage generally corresponds to stage 1 or early stage 2 CKD, where kidney function is relatively preserved. Thus, the classification of stage 3 CKD as moderate accurately reflects the patient's level of kidney impairment and informs

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Mild

End-stage

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